The exile condition. space-time dissociation in historical experience a reading of Sefarad

Abstract
In this article a conceptual framework will be devised based on Frank Ankersmit's analysis of historical experience in relation to the memory theory of Maurice Halbwachs. This framework will serve as a starting point for an analysis of the role of place in memory and historical experience in the novel Sefarad from Antonio Muñoz Molina (2001). In this novel the dimension of space intersects and traverses the dimensions of time and identity. We will make use of the analytical tools of memory studies and narratology (specifically Bakhtin's concept of chronotope) to identify the various functions of place in the novel. We will explore how the literary representations of diaspora and exile, and the resulting displacement, in Sefarad relate to the concepts of historical experience and memory.