Abstract
According to Czeslaw Milosz, the main source of the popularity of Marxism at some periods of time was that it gave a theoretical explanation of the idea of progress. To the contrary, Marxism is essentially based not on the linear conception of historical time (time as Chronos), which would be necessary for Marxism to be the intellectual guarantee of the idea of progress, but on the view of time as Kairos, that is, discontinuous time, which promises the real existence of eternity in our changeable world. In this way Marxism was sometimes able to give people the feeling of ontological safety, and this can be seen as the true source of its popularity.